Applications
Copper(II) phthalocyanine, known as CuPc, has been used as an electron donor with fullerene-C60 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in vacuum-deposited organic photovoltaics (OPV). Power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved [2] and improved efficiency of 4% with pentacene-doped CuPc layer.
CuPc has also been used as a hole-injection material for light-emitting diodes. It has been reported that a thin CuPc layer may effectively enhance the hole injection from the anode to the emissive-polymer layer, resulting in a dramatic decrease of operating voltage of the device. Device stability was achieved by depositing a copper phthalocyanine CuPc hole-injection layer HIL on the ITO anode. The improved stability could be contributed to the good match of its highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level to the work function of ITO, and the improved wetting property of organic materials on ITO. Moreover, CuPc has very weak absorption of light, with wavelengths from 400 to 500 nm, making it suitable for use in blue and green OLEDs.
Effective electron-blocking was also observed for inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells when CuPc-doped spiro-OMeTAD was used as the hole-transporting layer.
Chemical Properties
dark blue fine crystalline powder
Uses
In inks and paints. In polypropylene sutures.
Uses
1. It is edible black pigment. It can be used for pastry with the usage amount of 0.001% to 0.1%.
2. It can be used for food coloring agent. China provides that it can be used for rice, flour products, candy, biscuits and pastries with the maximum usage amount of 5.0g/kg.
3. Rubber industry uses it as a reinforcing filler. 2. Paint Inks applies it as coloring pigments in paint inks. 3. Used for the manufacturing of black paper such as packaging materials for photographic materials and the black paper made of high-conductivity black carbon in the radio equipment. 4. Carbon paper and typewriter; it is used when it is required for darker colors and can remain on the carrier. 5. Plastic coloring, ink, phonograph records, shoe polish, paint cloth, leather coatings, colored cement, electrodes, electronic brushes, batteries and so on.
4. As electric conductive agent of lithium ion battery;
5. Mainly used for rubber, paint, ink and other industries;
6. Used for the reinforcement of car tread and sidewall, hose, groove, industrial rubber products as well as conveyor belt.
7. Used for tire tread, surface tire repair, automotive rubber parts, conveyor belts, conveyor pads, etc., The vulcanized glue of this carbon black shows excellent tensile strength and abrasion resistance
8. It is mainly used for the reinforcement of tire belt, sidewall, solid tires, outer layer of roller, hose surface, industrial rubber products and car tire tread.
9. It is used for the reinforcement of the tire tread of car and truck, surface of conveyor belt and industrial rubber products.
10. For rubber reinforcement, coloring agent, metallurgy, rocket propellant
11. For rubber products to fill and reinforcement.
12. For rubber products, carcass, valves and other filling .
13. For paints and inks, plastics and other industries.
14. Mainly used for raw materials of battery as well as for conductive and anti-static rubber products.
15. In the rubber industry, it is used as the reinforcing agent and filter for the manufacturing of natural rubber and butyl rubber, being able to endow the vulcanized rubber with excellent tensile strength, elongation and tear resistance and so on. It should be mostly used for natural rubber-based large-scale engineering tires and a variety of off-road tires as well as being used for carcass and sidewall. In addition, it can also be used for high-strength conveyor belt, cold rubber products and drilling device. In light industry, it can be used as the filter of the paint, ink, enamel and plastic products.
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